The Red Badge of Courage Summary

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The Red Badge of Courage

By Kyle Cowgill

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Stephen Crane has written many remarkable poems,

short stories, and novels throughout his short life (He

lived only to the age of ). The Red Badge of Courage is

a tale of war, life, responsibility, and duty. It has

been considered the first great modern novel of war

(Alfred Kazin). It traces the effects of war on

Henry Fleming, a Union soldier, through his dreams of

battle,his enlistment, and his experience through serveral

battles of the Civil War.

Henry, the youth, was a young man who lived on a farm

with his mother. He dreamed about what fighting in a war

would be like, and dreamed of being a hero. He dreamed of

the battles of war, and of what it would be like to fight in

those glorious battles. His mother was a wise, caring woman

who had strong convictions about not wanting Henry to go to

war. She is a very hardworking woman, and loves her son a

great deal. She gave him hundreds of reasons why he was

needed on the farm and not in the war. Henry knew his

mother would not want him to enlist, but it was his decision

to make. He dreamed of the battles of war, and of what it

would be like to fight in those glorious battles. He didn't

want to stay on the farm with nothing to do, so he made his

final decision to enlist.

After enlisting he finds himself in a similar

situation, with nothing to do. While there he becomes

friends with two other soldiers, John Wilson, (the loud

soldier) the friend and Jim Conklin, the tall soldier.

Wilson was a loud spoken and obnoxious soldier who becomes

one of Henry's best friends. Jim was a tall soldier and was

a childhood friend of Henry's. He was always calm and

matter-of-fact like. He also loves pork sandwiches as that

is all he eats. Wilson was as excited about going to war

as Henry, while Jim was confident about the success of the

new regiment. Wilson is acts very confident, and boasts of

how well he will fight. After a few days of marching,

Henry realizes that they have been wandering about

aimlessly in circles. They continue to march without

purpose, direction, and fighting. During this time Henry

starts to think differently about war, amore close

experienced way. He starts to lose some of his ideals of

war, and starts to become scared of running away from a

battle. Lieutenant Hasbrouck, a young lieutenant of the

04th regiment (Henry's regiment), is an extremely brave

man. He also is constantly cursing. He, unlike the other

officers, cares about and defends his troops performance

and makes sure they get the recognition they deserve. He is

a true leader and he is a model of what Henry and Wilson

wish to become.

After a while the regiment finally discovers a battle

taking place. Jim gives Henry a yellow envelope with a

packet inside. He is confident that he will die, and says

that this will be his first and last battle. The regiment

manages to hold off the rebels during the first attack, but

the rebels like machines of steel; relentlessly came back

again and again with reinforcements driving the soldiers

back. Henry becomes scared, confused, and goes into a trance

when he sees his forces depleting. He finally gets up and

starts to run like a "proverbial chicken," who has lost the

direction of safety.

After he has run away he starts to analyze himself and

rationalize his actions. At first he thinks himself a

coward for running, and later he feels he was just saving

himself for later. He thinks nature does not want him to

die, even though his side was losing. He believes he was

intelligent to run, and hopes he will die in battle to

spite. Henry, still running, is met by a "tattered soldier"

and he comes upon Jim who has been wounded badly. He does

not complain about his pain, but asks Henry to move him out

the road so he is not run over by artillery wagons. Even in

his agony, he is concerned about Henry and asks how he is

feeling. As his death grew nearer, Jim runs into a field

looking for a suitable place to die. He ignores Henry's

offers of help, and as his body jerked horribly, he falls

and dies. The only other witness to his death, "the tattered

soldier," is impressed mostly by Jim's bravery and courage.

The tattered soldier appears to be a simple and innocent

man. Though he is very simplistic and unsophisticated, he

is a brave, kind, and responsible man. Henry walks away

hurting inside and dangerous to himself.

In the charge ahead Henry asks fleeing soldiers why

they are running. He grabs a comrade and asked "why all

the while holding his arm." The man struggling to be let

go, hits Henry over the head with the butt of his rifle,

thus giving Henry his first Red Badge of Courage. Henry

stumbles across the battle field trying to stay on his feet. He meets a

"cheery voiced man" who helps him get back to his regiment.

The "cheery voiced man" not only lacks a name, but Henry

never sees his face. He appears to be a ordinary man who

can skillfully maneuver through the forest and patrols. At

his regiment he meets up with Wilson again, and gets the

wound on his head tended to. After resting for a little

while he gets back into the battle. He felt the generals

were a bunch of "lunkheads" for making them retreat instead

of confronting the enemy.

Henry starts to think that he and Wilson are going to

die, but go into battle anyway. In the battle a change goes

over Henry. He starts to fume with rage and exhaustion. He

seemed to have a wild hate for his relentless foe. He felt

that he and his companions were being taunted and being made

fun of. In a following battle, he and Wilson have the

opportunity to carry the regiment's flag. After a bit of

scuffling Wilson takes the flag out, but later in the battle

Henry manages to get the rebel flag and runs up the line

with Lieutenant Hasbrouck leading the way. In the battle he

fought like a "Major General," and he has grown up a great

deal. He is not afraid of dying anymore.

.

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Wittness - peter weir

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How does the film Witness explore isolation and violence? In your answer, you should refer closely to at least two scenes and explore the ideas, forms and cinematic language used in the film.

In the film 'Witness', Peter Weir illustrates the clash of two worlds. Weir's main purpose in this film is to show the division of societies, juxtaposing the Amish society with the contemporary society. Weir explores the main themes of isolation and violence between the two societies. Weir depicts his admiration of the Amish society in a favourable light while presenting the contemporary society negatively as a malevolent place of violence, corruption and isolation. It is through the cinematic elements and objects of symbolism that Weir is able to express his admiration and communicate his message to his audience.

The Amish live their way of life and their values in which they believe is in harmony and isolation from contemporary society. Through the establishing scenes, a lengthy long shot of the Amish people gradually emerging from the softly swaying grass as they walk together as a community to their peaceful village. The horizon cuts across the frame showing large portions of blue sky to emphasise the freedom and openness of the Amish community. The adding of non-diegetic orchestral music deepens the mood of peace and freedom in the community.

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The setting of the Amish village is constructed to illustrate their isolation from the contemporary society. Aspects of the Amish uniform and their way of speaking German, make the Amish different from normal society. Another aspect of separation from the contemporary society is the rejection of modern conveniences; audiences view the Amish using horses and buggies instead of cars for transport.

The city stands as a symbol of a malevolent place for the Amish. Rachel and Samuel are warned by Eli, to be careful of the English people, as they prepare to go to the city. The mise-en-scene of the city is constructed to emphasise the filth and darkness where violence is a common occurrence. The scene in the train station establishes the Amish isolation in the contemporary society. Both Rachel and Samuel's fear and confusion is expressed through close up shots of the characters facial expressions as they ask for directions. Weir conveys the message of the contemporary society as impolite and unsupportive. In contrast to this he presents the Amish society open and supportive, and willing to help others.

As Samuel wanders through the unfriendly surroundings, the camera focuses on the surroundings from Samuel's eye level. This allows the audience to sympathise with him, his curiosity and discomfort of the surroundings. Samuel sights a statue depicting an angel clutching the body of a dying man. The high angle shot of Samuel as he looks up at the statue, shows him as small and isolated in the modern society. Non-diegetic sound is added to deepen the fear and tension Samuel is feeling.

Violence is another major theme focused in the film, Weir frequently uses the colour red to symbolise violence. The murder scene is constructed to allow the audience to feel horrified, disgusted and fully appreciate the threatening nature of the violence witnessed. Weir emphasises this by positioning a disproportionately large picture of the murder scene in the centre to dominate the frame and thus highlight the corrupted contemporary society. The audience is shown Samuel's point of view which enables the audiences to sympathise with his fright and fear. The diegetic sound of footsteps, water drops and the train, builds tension towards the murder scene. Symbols of violence, the red cloth and copious amounts of red blood used in the murder scene, makes the audience feel horrified and disgusted, and to create a violent atmosphere. Samuel's large, wide open eyes express his fear and innocence's to the shocking horrors that he witnesses. In contrast, the contemporary society treats violence as an everyday matter, which is shown through the calmness of the murders.

The scene set at the ironically titled 'Happy Valley Inn' is used by Weir to depict violence and filth of the contemporary society. The mise-en-scene of the scene is constructed to emphasise the filth and darkness of the city. A claustrophobic and violent atmosphere confronts the audience when inside the bar. This effect is constructed through the harsh diegetic music and a smoky, red wash throughout the room.

When Book and Carter believe they have found their suspect, a high level of violence and swearing is used by the contemporary police to handle the suspect. Weir illustrates the contemporary society relying on violence to solve problems. The audience is shown Samuel's point of view as he witnesses the whacking and slamming of the suspect against the car. Rachel's and Samuel's fear and innocence is shown as Samuel huddles into the shadows to escape the violence. Rachel's discomfort of the violence is shown as she begs Book for no part in this.

The scene set at the 'Happy valley Inn' is juxtaposed with the Amish barn raising.

By this juxtaposition, Weir emphasises the peace and openness of the Amish, and the violence of the contemporary society. The mise-en-scene of the Amish village is constructed to generate the feeling of the Amish freedom, and isolation from the contemporary society. Weir uses long shots of the barn rising to depict a large supportive community working together happily and fulfilling their roles of the community; men build barns while the women prepare the food. The emotion of peace and harmony builds as non-diegetic orchestral music crescendos in the background while the barn is being built. Book's isolation of an Englishman in the Amish community is shown to be broken, audiences see the Amish accepting him into their community. Audiences see Book using his carpentry skill to help rise the barn, and his close relationships between him and Daniel as they share drinks.

The symbol of the gun, for the contemporary society is an object used to solve problems and for protection. In contrast, the Amish see the guns as an evil object which takes the lives of humans. This is illustrated to the audience when Book allows Samuel to handle the gun when unloaded, which he believes is safe. Rachel sees Samuel with the gun and is horrified, she asks Book to respect their Amish values. Book then realises the negative impacts his actions has on the Amish community. Eli's speech to Samuel, in which he warns the boy that the gun is an 'unclean thing' which can corrupt his heart. Weir communicates the Amish message that violence is not the only way to solve problems. However, in the end Book adopt the Amish non-violent persuasion to disarm Schaeffer.

Peter Weir explores isolation and violence between the clashes of two worlds. He presents the contemporary society reliance of violence to solve problems and for protection. In contrast the Amish are shown isolated from the contemporary society, to have no part of the violence in the contemporary society. They seek to support each other rather than attacking to seek their own benefits.

Please note that this sample paper on Wittness - peter weir is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Wittness - peter weir, we are here to assist you. Your cheap research paperson Wittness - peter weir will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Rabbit Proof Fence

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Rabbit Proof Fence Directed by Phillip Noyce (001)

The film Rabbit Proof Fence is reminiscent of a war story as the country has been invaded and taken over. The invaders are taking away the children and placing them in camps. Only three manage to escape on their epic journey home they must cross through enemy occupied territory, never knowing friend from foe.

The movie Rabbit Proof Fence and the book The Stolen Children their stories edited by Carmel Bird aims to impose its values and attitudes on the responder, which compels the viewer to adopt this perspective, thus leading to a change. Both these texts use the language of empathy to impose their perspectives on their audience. This is effectively achieved through the use of a visual and oral medium as it allows the director to use empathetic language thus allowing the audience to enhance the power of understanding and imaginatively entering into another person's feelings. There are many techniques used to enable the audience to embrace this perspective.

Phillip Noyce, director of Rabbit Proof Fence not only portrays the colonial setting of the time but also treats the story with respect and understanding of the cultural protocols that are required. The Film is authentic as it is based on a true story. The authenticity of the film can be proven as it has been recorded in the local press as well as in the archives of the department of Native affairs. Furthermore Molly and Daisy are still alive and footage of them is shown at the end of the film. This footage gives the film a sense of reality. The director Phillip Noyce ensured that the film was culturally appropriated, by employing Pilkington Garimara, Molly's daughter who is also the author of Following the Rabbit Proof Fence, which the movie is based on. Molly can speak from personal experience, as she was part of the stolen generation. Phillip Noyce uses the universal language of emotions to change peoples perspectives of the stolen generation. This is achieved not just domestically but internationally.

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The audience becomes emotionally overwhelmed during the children's epic journey home. The audience are able to strongly identify themselves with the three girls due to the fact that they are young, innocent and powerless. The audience can easily connect with the girls for we have all been children. The viewer soon finds themselves on the children's side, in their shoes and identifying with them, the viewer takes on the perspective of the stolen generation.

Carmel Bird has used a written text that contains a report of separate oral accounts of the indigenous peoples past she seeks to detail the differing situations and outcomes of these people. The film Rabbit Proof Fence stands as one story that represents them all. The distinct importance of the individual voices in The Stolen Children is replaced in the film by an intense visual. This visual representation emphasised through the use of symbols, such as the fence and the eagle, which symbolises Molly's freedom. Rabbit Proof Fence stands as a cinematic analogue of Carmel Bird's Stolen children.

The director uses film techniques to manipulate the audience's perception to his liking. During the emotionally charged scene where a local policeman tears the girls from their mother's arms, Phillip Noyce uses ground level camera angles that keep up with the action, furthernore emersing the audience in the traumatic action. Another film technique used is the first person film technique that has the effect of portraying the events of the stolen generations as if they were not witnessed out side the view of history, thus accurately capturing the brutality of government policy towards the indigenous population.

Another technique is the use of music to create the mood and atmosphere. Peter Gabriel's soundtrack Long Walk Home draws power to the scenes. Gabriel has successfully blended traditional aboriginal instruments such as the didgeridoo with the modern instruments to withdraw dramatic emotion.

Molly's perspective of the camp "I hate this place, makes me sick" drives her to take her siblings and commence a 1600 kilometre long journey back home, all they had to guide them was the rabbit proof fence a 1800 mile long landmark that bisects Western Australia from north to south. Ironically the same people who wanted to keep them from home had built the fence that guided them home. The decisive moment in the chase that structures Rabbit Proof Fence is the confusion between two rabbit proof fences. The girls have unwillingly found themselves on the wrong fence this mistake miraculously saved them from being recaptured by Mr Neville. The Rabbit Proof Fence is used as a device to enact the defeat of the unalterable linear of aboriginal people, over the attempt at systematic genocide. Thus drawing a parallel between Aboriginal liberation and incarceration.

A.O. Neville the protector of aborigines represents the opposing perspective of the government; he is portrayed as a cold but 'rational' character that believes in his cause. A British actor plays this character in order to highlight that the racist perspectives are remnants from the British Colonial era. Neville administrates the governments "assimilation" program that's aim was to separate half-cast aboriginal children from their families and culture to then convert them to Christianity and domesticate them. The perspective of the white people at the time was that by integrating them into the white society and breeding them out they would be saved from their own "primitive savagery".

"By the third generation the aboriginal has simply been breed out"

"in spite of himself the native must be helped"

"The problem of half cast is not simply going to go away. If it is not dealt with now it will fester for years to come. These children are that problem."

These quotes provide sufficient evidence that the forced removal policies were an attempt at systematic genocide.

The loss of identity. culture and family that is so profoundly emphasised in the voices section of The Stolen Children is also seen in Rabbit Proof Fence. The mission is where the indigenous people are stripped of their linear; this is depicted in several ways. They are not allowed to speak their own language this lead to loss of language culture. The longer you seem to be at the mission the more of your culture you forget.

"They have no mothers, no body have got any mothers."

This quote creates a visual image of daughter cut off from connection with mother. This imagery is also use on the front cover off Carmel Bird's text. In the introduction she talks of a severing from the umbilical cord.

This is a powerful movie that strikes at the heart of Australian history and its current values. Furthermore is has effectively changed the perspective of the viewer and internationally informed many of the suffering of the stolen generations. The movie has also brought up the issue of a national apology.

"Something needs to jolt our political leaders into action on Aboriginal reconciliation. Hopefully this movie proves to e the catalyst." John Hewson. former national Liberal leader.

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Rose for Emily

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The short story A Rose for Emily is presented with many gothic elements in order to establish a horrific atmosphere through a missed sequence of events. The peculiar sensation is arranged through various descriptive settings as well as symbolic images to advance the plot to a ghastly ending. The structure of the story, from the beginning till the end, is distinctly presented to cause dreadful feelings.

The opening sentence of the story "When Miss Emily Grierson died…" is a significant statement. "Death" creates an inappropriate impression at the beginning of the story therefore the uncanny atmosphere is carried right from the start. Later, one can observe that Miss Emily's dead body is compared to a "fallen monument." A monument can be perceived as a large gray-stone figure, which can be hard to move or even destroy. Also Miss Emily's house is described as a "big, squarish frame house that had once been white, decorated with cupolas and spires and scrolled balconies…" This creates an image of tall high-pointy house that can be associated with the medieval era thus producing a dark and frightening appearance. There is also a rotten smell that comes from Miss Emily's house. The description of the smell implies to a dead and decaying flesh hence it creates another dreadful feeling.

As the story continues, Miss Emily tells the city authorities to refer to Colonel Sartoris, "whom had been dead for more than ten years." This scene can create an eerie feeling because one can assume that Miss Emily is unaware of the present and has been separated from the modern society. Her isolation can be perceived as though she is still in contact with Colonel Sartoris in spite of the fact that he is dead.

Later on in the story, one notes that "a window that had been dark was lighted and Miss Emily sat in it, the light behind her, and her upright torso motionless as that of an idol." This can be implied to the relationship of light being pure and darkness as evil. The light is in the background, away from Miss Emily, to illustrate that Miss Emily is far-off from purity and can be associated with mystical darkness as that of an evil thus this scene creates a terrifying image.

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The description of the Tableau is another gothic element used to create a peculiar atmosphere. The most significant elements of the picture are the horsewhip in a hand of Emilys father standing in the foreground and Miss Emily "a slender figure in white in the background. Emily's white slender figure can lead one to believe that she is a ghost. The whip in Emily's father symbolizes a weapon. A weapon that he holds to protect him self from Emily's ghost. Furthermore, the fact that Emily is in the background can also suggests that Emily was caught in the picture that showed her true reflection. This produces an image of a haunted environment and therefore frightens one.

Another emphasis that creates an eerie feeling comes when Emily's "jalousies" are closed even on Sunday afternoon. Sunday implies to a day to worship god. Light is usually symbolized as a source of goodness, purity and avenger to darkness. Emily declines to go out in daylight where there is light and devotion to god because as if the afternoon sunlight 'melts' her body thus she is portrayed as 'evil.' This analysis can also be seen when the Baptist Minister gives Emily a visit and then "never divulge what happened during that interview, but he refused to go back again." This can be because she might have informed him of the plot of killing Homer Barron and therefore assumes Emily to be insane. Insanity gives a profound image of rage and revenge in Emily. At this point of the story, one can senses that there will be some occurrence of a gruesome death therefore the presence of craziness in Miss Emily does support the implication of gothic elements.

Another key point that is implied to create a gothic atmosphere is the description of Emily's hair. It is stated, "During the next few years it grew grayer and grayer until it attained as even pepper-and-salt iron-gray." Hair sometimes signifies the strength and quality of a person. Gray implies old-wickedness and evilness in a person. Faulkner is trying to make the reader perceive Emily as an old wicked witch due to the gray iron-like hair. Also, the description of salt and pepper provides an image of a smoky, black and white setting, thus combined with evil creates a peculiar feeling.

"She [Emily] had evidently shut up the top floor of the houselike the carven torso of an idol in a niche, looking or not looking at us, we could never tell which." The is very significant because shutting of the house can be symbolized as though Emily wants to stay away from the sunlight since sunlight exemplifies purity. This point is proven when it is mentioned that, "her gray head propped on a pillow yellow and moldy with age and lack of sunlight." This shows that Emily is very far away from purity and therefore can be linked to evilness. The story continues about how "she died in one of the downstairs rooms, in a heavy walnut bed with a curtain." This image of the heavy bed can be symbolized as a casket or a coffin thus creating a frightful image.

"A thin, acrid pall as of the tomb seemed to lie everywhere upon this room," is a descriptive sentence that produces an eerie feeling for one. The tomb sometimes represents the imprisonment of the soul. As the body decays, it is left as nothing but dust, therefore the dust in the room can lead to the actual dust of a decayed body. At this point there is a foreshadowing of the plot of a gruesome ending thus creating a mysterious feeling for one.

Another element seen in the room was the tarnished toilet. And the man's toilet things backed with tarnished silver, silver so tarnished that the monogram was obscured. Silver so tarnished symbolizes an "aged" object. It is used to portray time that has been passed since Emily killed Homer Barron. Emily had revenged so furiously that she never bothered to pick up the dead corpse of Homer. She grew old and aged herself with his body. This idea creates a peculiar image and thus can be very terrifying to imagine.

While concluding with the story, an important scene is established. "Then we noticed that in the second pillow was the indentation of a head. One of us lifted something from it, and leaning forward, that faint and invisible dust dry and acrid in the nostrils, we saw a long strand of iron-gray hair." The emphasizes of the long gray hair again refers to Emily's quality, but this time it carries the frightening image even further. It is referenced to her quality of being evil, wicked, old-aged, and rotten and moldy. This last scene captures all of Emily's characteristics in one image and thus gives the most frightening and hair-rising chill.

To conclude with the story, many points about gothic details are established to create an eerie feeling for the readers. This feeling is generated through the use of descriptive language. Also, several ghastly images and settings are created and it is achieved through the implication of many symbolic features. Therefore, by establishing a peculiar atmosphere for the readers, the story proves to have many gothic elements that bestow the reader an uncanny feeling.

Please note that this sample paper on Rose for Emily is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Rose for Emily, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on Rose for Emily will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Alexander Hamilton: America's Financial Brainpower

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One must wonder where would America be today financially and economically without the aide of Alexander Hamilton. Sometimes credited as Father of the Treasury, had a profound effect on the American economy. Born illegitimate on the West Indies island of Nevis, left orphaned and penniless at the age of 1, educated by a local clergyman, and in spite of his ruthless beginnings became our countries first Secretary of the Treasury ("Who Is That Guy on the $10 Bill). His contributions include the establishment of credit of our young country, formation of a national bank, the Bank of the United States, and the proposition of tariffs that provided revenue and encouraged manufacturing.

When Alexander Hamilton was appointed Secretary of the Treasury in September of 178, he was faced with many dilemmas. The first dilemma was the national debt. By December 178, the total public debt was up to $74,500,00 (Kraus 76). $1,000,000 of the debt was due to foreign countries for loans to finance the war, $,500,000 of the debt was state debts, and $40,000,000 of the debt was the nation owed for other federal obligations (domestic debts) (Kraus 77). The nation was a crucial point in its existence and needed a solution to its financial problems. Hamilton sent the first part of his plan for the nations economic success, the Report on the Public Credit, to Congress in January 170 (Sylla). He proposed that all the nations debts be paid off by par, meaning completely paid. Hamilton argued that the debts had to be completely paid off to establish good federal credit, and Congress agreed (Sylla). The government's responsibility of the states debt was subject to debate for Congress. Most of the southern states had fulfilled paying off most of their debts and didn't want to assume the debts of the northern states, which happened to be quite an immense sum (Finseth). The first time the assumption bill was voted on in Congress it was defeated 1- (Wise 156). Then Hamilton arranged a deal with Thomas Jefferson to move the nations capitol to Virginia if his debt repayment plan passes Congress. The bill passed ensuring that the states debts would be paid, and the capital was moved ("Who Is That Guy on the $10 Bill"). The domestic debt was not fully repaid because Hamilton believed that if the government owed citizens money, then they will work harder to keep the government prosperous. Hamilton said himself "A national debt, if it is not excessive will be to us a national blessing" (Finseth). His debt reduction plan achieved his goal to "… restore the faith in the government and public credit, attract foreign capitol to the united states and increase the effective stock of money, thereby stimulating the economy" (Sylla).

The second part of Hamilton's plan for the success of the American economy involved the creation of a national bank. Sent to Congress was the Supplemental Report on 170. Though not specifically mandated in the Constitution, Hamilton felt it necessary to charter a national bank. The national bank was formed by Congress in 171 and was given a twenty-year charter ("Bank of United States"). The banks main purposes were to regulate all banking within the United States, and provide a stable currency for the country. Hamilton proposed that the bank be capitalized at $10 million from the sales of stocks. Four-fifths of the stock would be sold to the public, and the federal government would hold the other one-fifths (Brookhiser, 7). Also the bank would provide a depository for federal revenue, an important lender to the federal government, operated across state lines and state bank notes were traded at a discount. The diverse branches of the bank were spread through out the nation aided fiscal operations and called for a more flexible financial system ('Who Is That Guy on the $10 Bill").

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Hamilton's third major paper was the Report on Manufactures issued in 171 ("Report on Manufactures"). This report outlined his plans for governmental support of the American industry. He wanted a protective tariff, one that taxed imports, to raise the nation's industry by making imported goods more expensive then goods made by American industry. Hamilton requested that Congress levy a protective tariff that would stimulate American industries in 17 on all imported goods, especially wine, liquors, tea, and coffee. He wanted to persuade Americans to buy within the country, he believed that America could produce just about everything that it needed and become economically self-sufficient. He expected that the tariffs would help develop an independent and diverse economy. ("Report on Manufactures"). Hamilton also argued the need for an excise tax, which is a tax on domestic goods or goods produced and sold in America (Kindig). Although Congress did not pass his plan, they did support most of his tariffs in the next year ("Report on Manufactures"). By protecting the young manufacturing of early America, the tariffs had a very positive effect on the growth of the economy.

Alexander Hamilton significantly improved the economic position of the United States at perhaps the most crucial time in its history. All of his plans positively affected the American economy and still have an influence on it today. Hamilton's funding the national debt helped establish American's good credit and stimulated economy through trade. His idea for a national bank is still in use in the form of the Federal Reserve System. Hamilton's influence on the tariffs provided the primary source of revenue for the government for many decades and still provides some revenue today. With well-defined idea and unending self-motivation, Hamilton established a national economy with strong credit and increasing stability.

Bran Michael, Brune Champ, and Jennifer Ranson. "Who Is That Guy on the $10 Bill"

June 000.

Brookhiser, Richard. Alexander Hamilton, American. New York The Free Press, 1.

Finseth, Ian. "The Rise and Fall of Alexander Hamilton."

http//xroads.virginia.edu/~CAP/ham/hampltcs.html (1 Nov. 001).

Foner, Eric and John A. Garraty, Eds. Report on Manufactures. The Reader's

Companion toAmerican History. Houghton Mifflin Company, 11. Online

http//www.historychannel.com/perl/print_book.pl?ID=567 (1 Nov. 001).

Foner, Eric and John A. Garraty, Eds. Bank of the United States. The Reader's

Companion toAmerican History. Houghton Mifflin Company, 11. Online

http//www.historychannel.com/perl/print_book.pl?ID=47 (1 Nov. 001).

Kindig, Thomas E. Heritage "Alexander Hamilton." 15-001.

http//www.leftjustified.org/fed/hbio.html (1 Nov. 001).

Kraus, Michael. The United States to 1865. Toronto, Canada The University of

Michigan Press, 15.

Sylla, Richard. "National Debt." Foner, Eric and John A. Garraty, Eds. The Reader's

Companion to American History. Houghton Mifflin Company, 11. Online

www.historychannel.com/perl/print_book.pl?ID=545 (1 Nov. 001).

Wise, William. Alexander Hamilton. New York G.P. Putnams Sons, 16.

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Goneril and Regan in scene one of King Lear

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The Characters of King Lear's two eldest daughters - Goneril and Regan.

Throughout the play of King Lear, Lear's two eldest daughters Regan and Goneril express themselves differently in various situations regarding the treatment of their father, which is displayed as being more to their own advantage rather than that of others, in particular their father - King Lear.

In act one, scene one, Goneril and Regan appear to be the "good" and dutiful daughters to their father. This is displayed as when Lear proposes that he is to divide his kingdom between the three female heirs, both Goneril and Regan quickly jump at the chance of this opportunity. The reasons relating to their enthusiasm towards their fathers proposition is primarily in regard to the prospect of them being able to attempt to gain as much land and wealth as possible through making an excellent job of telling their father exactly what he wants to hear. They do this through forfeiting the truth, and professing how greatly they love him.

Goneril and Regan are particularly clever and deceitful, because they know by flattering their father and by telling him what he wants to hear in the plays opening scene, this will be beneficial to them and will possibly instantly give them their fathers favour as they are aware of how he extremely appreciates public displays of flattery in front of the court which increases his pride.

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Goneril is the first daughter who is given the chance to profess her love to the King, in which she proclaims

"Sir I love you more than word can wield the matter,

Dearer than eyesight, space and liberty,

Beyond what can be valued, rich or rare;

No less than life, with grace, health, beauty, honour,

As much as a child e'er loved or father found,

A love that makes breath poor and speech unable;

Beyond all manner of so much I love you."

Goneril, after making this proclamation, has inevitably pleased the King well, so she and her husband Albany are promptly given a portion of his lands before the next daughter Regan is given the chance to speak.

Regan says

"I am made of that self metal as my sister,

And prize me at her worth. In my true heart

I find she names my very deed of love;

Only she comes too short, that I profess

Myself an enemy to all other joys

Which the most precious square of sense possesses

And find I am alone felicitate

In your dear highness' love."

In this speech made by the second daughter Regan, she aims to go "one up" on Goneril by saying that she loves her father just as much as Goneril, and so much in fact that she decides to say that her sister has fallen short of her own personal love for him and that she loves him much more greatly. This also, not to the surprise of the daughters and the court, greatly impresses the King, even more so than of what Goneril had initially said. Because of this, the King gives out an 'ample third' of the kingdom which was not too dissimilar than that he had given to Goneril.

King Lear, right from the start is unable to see what his daughters are truly like and their true intentions once they have gained what they want from their father, and up until this point in the play, after their speeches, he has no reason to think otherwise.

Lear's favour towards them is enforced even more after it is Lear's youngest daughter Cordelia's turn to make a bid at obtaining land from her father. This point is emphasised as Cordelia's response is much different in nature to that of her sisters, as she does not use any flattery whatsoever to gain Lear's favour, but instead speaks her mind truthfully and honestly. Cordelia admits that she loves her father, but "no more or no less" than that of which is required by her duty of being his daughter. This speech made by Cordelia inevitably greatly angers the King, in which he fails to see and is possibly too naive to recognise the honest quality that she possesses over her sisters. The result of Cordelia's speech is that the King instantly perceives both Goneril and Regan as being the "good" and dutiful daughters and subsequently Cordelia is banished from the kingdom.

The first glimpse of the real deceitful and rude characters of Regan and Goneril are briefly displayed in the first act of the first scene of the play, where Regan is quick to say

Prescribe not us our duties

Regan says this line to her younger daughter Cordelia, in response to Cordelia telling her sisters that despite her banishment made by her father, she wants her sisters to treat their father well. Cordelia has possible foresight as to what is to come, as she secretly believes that their declarations were possibly untrue, and she knows what they are really like. Cordelia then goes on to say to the sisters that they should stick close to their claim of their love for their father. This response given by Regan is interpreted and seen as being said due to her great dislike of being offered advice by others, in particular her younger sister. Also, another reason for this comment would be that she knows that she is often a hypocrite in character, due to her acting and saying certain things for show in order to get what she wants, then further on once she has obtained her goal, she no longer cares about what she has initially said - thus displaying her ruthfulness.

A prime example of their ruthfulness occurs further on in the play when both Goneril and Regan cause much hurt to their father emotionally and drive him to madness. Lear soon finds out how much love Goneril and Regan actually have for him. When Lear comes to stay at Goneril's home she promptly changes her loving tune towards him and is deliberately cold hearted and attempts to make him give up 100 of his knights, which consequently challenges her father's authority and shows the calculative disrespect that she has for him. The same example is also apparent with Regan. This is shown as after Lear has left Goneril's home, due to him being fed up with her and being angry at himself for misjudging her character so badly, he finds that Regan treats him similarity to her sister Goneril. The way in which Regan treats her father is with much disrespect, and furthermore undermines his authority as her father and the former King of England. The two daughters due to their evident cruel nature and spite, go on to turn their father out into a storm in the middle of the play, which leads to Lear being driven mad by his grief at seeing the true nature of his daughters.

Regan and Goneril are initially brought into the play as being dutiful and loving daughters of their father King Lear. The true colours and intentions of these two daughters are however becoming slowly and obviously unravelled throughout the duration of the play and it becomes quite clear that what they say the majority of the time not the truth. It is also often alleged that they care primarily about the interests of themselves without regard to anyone else, including their own father.

Please note that this sample paper on Goneril and Regan in scene one of King Lear is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Goneril and Regan in scene one of King Lear, we are here to assist you. Your cheap college paperson Goneril and Regan in scene one of King Lear will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Globalisation

If you order your cheap term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on globalisation. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality globalisation paper right on time.

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Why should globalisation be Stopped and what are the implications and the impacts/effects it has on our society and our economic growth in Australia as Americanisation dominates Australian culture?

As we progress into the future, the reality of globalisation comes nearer especially in the aspect of economics. It is said to benefit everyone including the wealthy but, is that necessarily true? If economic globalisation occurs then cultural, political and technological globalisation will follow. What religion would we all have to be in? What political system do we have to be under? What about those people who are uneducated or not very educated, with little knowledge of technology? If everything were to become globalised there would be no individualism, no identity and no nationalism. There would be no you! Globalisation must be stopped.

I am sure that you know that globalisation can be defined in many terms. Many see it as a primarily economic aspect, "as the growing of national economies to form a single economy". (Economics for the Real World , Cronk, T. Kirkwood, L. Searle, I. Swiericzuk. page 406) However, it can also be pointed out to be a rapid increase in cross-border social, cultural and technological exchange. Globalisation also has been defined by critics of globalisation, present it as a worldwide drive toward a globalised economic system dominated by supranational corporate trade and barking institutions that are not accountable to democratic processes or nation governments. Globalisation is an undeniably capitalist process. Basically globalisation is the rapid increase in cross-border economic, social, technological exchange under condition of capitalism.

This is typical of the most powerful countries to do so, what about countries like Australia?

Cheap Custom Essays on globalisation

What does globalisation mean to Australia? Australian corporations participate in the oppression of workers and peasants in poor countries in Asia. Australian mining and forestry companies are involved in extracting wealth from countries such as Papua New Guinea, Irian Jaya and Indonesia, sometimes relying on military support to suppress local opposition. The Australian support for trade liberalisation, particularly in agriculture, has been used to open up markets in poor countries where Australia's commodity exports put local subsistence farmers out of work. Australia has opened its own markets to goods made in countries that allow child labour, or forbid the formation of free trade unions. The Australian government has opposed efforts to include environmental and labour protection clauses in World Trade Organisation agreements. Australia should support reform of the WTO to make it more equitable for poor nations of the world. Australia places few restrictions on the operations of transnational organisations, which take wealth from the country, and are not managed in the interests of Australia. Australia has a strong vested interest in further trade liberalisation, particularly in agriculture. Australia has made common cause with developing countries such as Brazil and Argentina to press for agricultural liberalisation, as this would have the benefit of opening American and particularly European markets. Globalisation definitely won't benefit us.

There are global inequalities, critics would say that its getting worse and others would oppose, as they would say it "benefits all". The gap between the rich and the poor nations of the world is dramatically increasing. Over the past ten years, the number of people earning $1 a day or less has remained static at 1. billion while the number earning less than $ a day has increased from .55 billion to .8 billion people. The rising of inequality is the inevitably result of market forces. Given free reign, market forces give the rich the power to add further to their wealth. Hence, large corporations invest in poor countries only because they can make greater profits from low wage levels or because they can access to their natural resources. Does this "benefit all"?

Globalisation implies that national economies lose some of their independence and separate identities as they become merged into one global economy. Is this beneficial? This process of globalisation occur through a number of channels in addition to international trade. The channels include the globalisation of markets, the globalisation of production, capital mobility and technological transfers. This can be called a 'cat and mouse' effect on businesses, where large companies would be able to take over smaller companies, if globalisation takes place. The free market does nothing to address re-distribution of wealth. It assumes that wealth will 'trickle down' to the poor. WRONG! The former British Prime Minister, Margaret Thatcher, once said, It is our job to glory in inequality and see that talents and abilities are given vent and expression for the benefit of us all. Unfortunately, this is not the only disadvantage that could happen if globalisation takes place. Environmentalist groups, such as Friends of the Earth and Greenpeace argue that globalisation harms the environment. In general they blame global corporations for global warming, the depletion of natural resources, the production of harmful chemicals and the destruction of organic agriculture. They have particular criticisms of global investment, which they argue takes advantage of the lack of regulation in poorer developing countries. Hence, global companies may locate polluting industries in poor countries, log tropical forests, or develop mines with inadequate controls. Globalisation is destructive.

Organisations like Greenpeace correctly oppose the global trade in toxic chemicals, nuclear materials and other products of which they do not approve, such as genetically modified foods, or endangered wildlife, including fish. They oppose the existing rules of the World Trade Organisation, which do not allow countries to ban imports of goods just because their production may have damaged the environment in the country of origin.

How does globalisation affect culture? Is it 'Americanisation'? A report by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), showed that the world trade in goods with cultural content almost tripled between 180 and 11 from 67 billion dollars to 00 billion dollars. At the core of the entertainment industry - film, music and television - there is a growing dominance of US products. World Trade Organisation rules do not allow countries to block imports on cultural grounds. It is argued that one of the consequences of globalisation will be the end of cultural diversity, and the triumph of a uni-polar culture serving the needs of transnational corporations. Hence the world drinks Coca-Cola, watches American movies and eats American junk food. American culture is seen to be dominated by monetary relationships and commercial values replacing traditional social relationships and family values. The people for globalisation say. "It does not make sense to talk of a world of 6 billion people becoming a monoculture and the spread of globalisation will undoubtedly bring changes to the countries it reaches."). As Australians, do we want to lose our own unique culture?

There are no possible alternatives to globalisation. Going global is going global! Globalisation must be stopped, and it means exactly what it says.

Please note that this sample paper on globalisation is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on globalisation, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paperson globalisation will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Help Me

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HelpQuestion The ___________ is the formal structure of a political party,

including its leadership, election committees, active members, and staff.

Student answered d) party organization.

Correct answer is d) party organization.

Question The ___________ is a party document, written at a national convention,

that contains party philosophy, principles, and positions on issues.

Student answered d) party platform .

Correct answer is d) party platform .

Question The ____________ gave each territory the right to decide whether to

permit slavery.

Student answered c) Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854

Correct answer is c) Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854

Question In the United States, party politics has followed a fascinating

pattern. Typically, during the course of U.S. political history, the national

electoral arena has been dominated by one party for a period of roughly

____________ years.

Student answered c) thirty

Correct answer is c) thirty

Question According to the authors of your text, the majority of young Americans

purport to be

Student answered d) Independents.

Correct answer is d) Independents.

Question In the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, many cities and

counties and even a few states have had such well-organized parties that they

were called _________ and their leaders were called

Student answered b) caucuses; King Caucus.

Correct answer is a) machines; bosses.

Question _____________ is the process through which political parties select a

single candidate to run for each elective office.

Student answered b) Nomination.

Correct answer is b) Nomination.

Question What method of policy making has become popular as a means of direct

democracy?

Student answered d) referendum.

Correct answer is d) referendum.

Question __________________ is an individual who identifies a problem as a

political issue and brings a policy proposal into the political agenda.

Student answered d) Policy entrepreneur.

Correct answer is d) Policy entrepreneur.

Question Which of the following is a task of the Democratic and Republican

National Committees?

Student answered b) Raising campaign funds

Correct answer is b) Raising campaign funds

Question What are legally defined subdivisions of wards that are used to

register voters and set up ballot boxes or voting machines?

Student answered d) Precincts

Correct answer is d) Precincts

Question Historically, the United States has always been a ____________-party

system.

Student answered b) two

Correct answer is b) two

Question According to the text, what is the ultimate test of the party system?

Student answered a) its influence on the institutions of government.

Correct answer is a) its influence on the institutions of government.

Question The speaker of the house is actually selected by

Student answered b) the party that holds the majority of seats in the House.

Correct answer is b) the party that holds the majority of seats in the House.

Question _______________ is a set of principles that idealizes a strong role

for parties in defining their stance on issues, mobilizing voters, and

fulfilling their campaign promises once in office.

Student answered d) Responsible party government.

Correct answer is d) Responsible party government.

Question What is it called when the dominant party has been supplanted by a new

party after a so-called critical election?

Student answered c) Realignment

Correct answer is c) Realignment

Question The authors of the text are emphatic that one of the major factors

responsible for the relatively low rates of voter turnout that characterize U.S.

national elections is

Student answered d) the decline of political parties.

Correct answer is d) the decline of political parties.

Question The process by which a party selects a single candidate to run for

each elective office is the definition of a

Student answered c) nomination.

Correct answer is c) nomination.

Question A psychological tie to a political party is the definition of

Student answered a) party identification.

Correct answer is a) party identification.

Question The United Statesís national party(ies) is (are)

Student answered d) only a and b.

Correct answer is d) only a and b.

Question Since the 10s and the New Deal, African Americans have been

overwhelmingly ____________ in their party identification; women are somewhat

more likely to support ____________ candidates; and Jews are among the

____________ Partyís most loyal constituent groups.

Student answered a) Democratic, Democratic, Democratic

Correct answer is a) Democratic, Democratic, Democratic

Question Upper-class Americans are considerably more likely to affiliate with

the ____________ Party; conservatives are more likely to identify with the

____________ Party; and citizens living in the northeast region are more likely

to identify with the ____________ Party.

Student answered d) Republican, Republican, Democratic

Correct answer is d) Republican, Republican, Democratic

Question Until recent years at least, ____________ have been the principal

agents responsible for giving citizens the motivation and incentive to vote.

Student answered a) the major parties

Correct answer is a) the major parties

Question In modern history, ____________ have been the chief points of contact

between governments, o the one hand, and groups and forces in society, on the

other.

Student answered b) political parties

Correct answer is b) political parties

Question Political parties can be distinguished from interest groups in that

Student answered d) political parties seek to control the entire government by

electing their members to office, thereby controlling the governmentís

personnel. Interest groups usually accept government and its personnel as a

given and try to influence government policies through them.

Correct answer is d) political parties seek to control the entire government by

electing their members to office, thereby controlling the governmentís

personnel. Interest groups usually accept government and its personnel as a

given and try to influence government policies through them.

Question According to the authors of the text, political parties as they are

known today developed along with the expansion of suffrage and can be understood

only in the context of

Student answered a) elections.

Correct answer is a) elections.

Question Compared with political parties in Europe, parties in the United

States have always seemed

Student answered d) coherent.

Correct answer is c) weak.

Question Historically, political parties form in one of two ways. ____________

occurs when conflicts break out and government officials and competing factions

seek to mobilize popular support.

Student answered a) Internal mobilization

Correct answer is a) Internal mobilization

Question Which of the following is not usually considered a function of

political parties?

Student answered d) Lobbying

Correct answer is d) Lobbying

Question Which of the following reasons best explains the short lives of third

parties?

Student answered d) Their causes are usually eliminated by the ability of the

major parties to absorb their programs and to draw their supporters into the

mainstream.

Correct answer is d) Their causes are usually eliminated by the ability of the

major parties to absorb their programs and to draw their supporters into the

mainstream.

Please note that this sample paper on Help Me is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Help Me, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on Help Me will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Summer

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Summer. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Summer paper right on time.

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Dave Smith

Per. 7

1-15-

Summer Essay

In Sweet Summer, Bebe Moore Campbell tells her own life story. A lot of it is about fitting into the "white" world and finding out who she really is. Bebe and her family members felt that African Americans always felt as if they had to compete with whites, and either be as good or better than them. African Americans thought that speaking proper English and being educated was going to make them seem white. African Americans thought that "good hair" was white people's hair, and they always tried to make their hair look straight, because then they would have "good hair" and look more white. In the book Sweet Summer, the attempt by African Americans to fit into the "white world" is important because people were putting down their own race for being educated or so called "acting white."

African Americans always felt as if they had to compete with whites, and either had to be as good as them or even better. Not only the parents put these ideas into the children's heads, but also their teachers. Mrs. Clark, Bebe's teacher, was putting many ideas in children's heads. African Americans believed that whites were always trying to compete with them, and also thought they were superior over African Americans. "Even while the remaining whites anxiously sought buyers for their houses, they made no pretense of equality. They assumed that they were our superiors." Mrs. Clark was making it seem like everything African Americans did in life had to be a competition with whites, "We have to be twice as good as white children at everything they attempted in life, that way you got half a chance of making it."p.4. Nana and Bebe's mother believed that to have the same education as a white child was the first step up the rocky road to success. Almost every person in Sweet Summer has had an issue where they felt as if they had to compete with another race, whether African Americans or whites. Nobody should feel that they have to compete with somebody, and try to be something they are not, because then nobody knows who you really are because you are too busy trying to fit up to somebody else's standards instead of being yourself.

Bebe always had her mother and aunt hovering over her, and making her speak proper English, but Bebe considered it "acting white" and felt that in order to be considered black she could not speak in a white manner. Many people felt that they needed to have power. This occurred in many situations, "Being there(Wagner's) wasn't any more fun than being at the Imperial, but it made me feel more powerful"p.64. Bebe tried to teach her father proper English, taking after her mother and aunt. "She corrects everybody. Besides, what's wrong with speaking properly?"p.68. Bebe's grandmother was always putting things into Bebe's head, whether it was good or bad. Nana had an idea that there always had to be competition with whites, "All those white folks down on that job and you get the promotion, and you tellin' me not to brag?" p.7. There was always competition with whites and blacks in how they did in school, competing against each other, and either trying to be as good or better than them. "What the white children learned, that's what her child had to learn." p.8. Bebe's mother put many ideas into her head about why speaking proper English was the right thing to do. "Speaking impeccably proper English was a strategy in the overall battle for civil rights. Bebe, we have got to be prepared." There are many different perspectives in the book about what "acting white" is. Speaking correct English should not be a put down, because no matter how you talk, that should not put a label on you. You are what you are, and being educated should not be labeled as being white. If somebody is not educated, that should not be labeled as acting black, or talking black. Labels put races down, and the people do it even to their own races.

Some African Americans felt they had to change their natural looks, to be something they are not. They thought that "good hair" was white people's hair, and tried to make their hair look straight. Bebe was trying to fit into the white world, and have "good hair." Bebe finally realized that she didn't have to fit in with anybody, and could be whoever she wanted to be, and her hairstyle proved that was true. Just because different races have different hair does not mean that one is better than the other. Respecting herself and singling herself out shows how different she is, and she can be different and not care about what people say. She also gets negative talk from her friends, "Every girl who gets her hair washed doesn't get it straightened. Bebe doesn't get her hair straightened. We have good hair."p.16-17. When Bebe's grandmother put her down, because of her changed hairstyle, Bebe felt discouraged because she just tried to prove that she could be different and kept telling herself "black is beautiful"p. to make herself feel better, and feel like she didn't have to be the everyday girl, and could be that one black child that doesn't have straight hair or talk black to make her seem white, which seems like all her grandmother wanted. I don't think that Bebe's grandmother ever saw through the hurt that she caused Bebe that day, because Bebe didn't feel like she could stand up to somebody like her grandmother. When she tried to stand up for herself, and tell her grandmother how she felt, her grandmother still denied her the right to be an individual. "You rather I go around burning my hair up trying to look like people I'm never going to look like?"p.00. Even though Bebe ended up washing out her afro, she at least had the courage to stand up to her grandmother and mother. I don't think they should have put her down, when all she was doing was showing the expressions of herself. She should have kept it the way it was if she really had a strong opinion about it. She should have stuck with her feeling, and not care about what anybody else thought about it.

African Americans thought that talking like they were educated and speaking proper English was going to make them seem "white" and felt that they were putting down their own races. African Americans always seemed to think that they had to be competing with whites, whether it was in a good way or a bad way. They felt as if they had to be at least as good as them or even better than them. They thought that "good hair" was white people's hair, and always tried to make their hair look straight, because then they would have "good hair." Bebe had a lot of women protecting her, people like her mother who felt that in order to make it in this world she would have to speak proper English. To Bebe, speaking proper English would make her seem "white." Bebe had many people telling her different things, including her mom, grandmother, and teachers. They made her think that everything that had to do with whites had to be a competition. Everybody thought that having good hair meant to have straight, "white" hair. Bebe finally realized that she didn't have to keep going along with something she didn't agree with. She took a stand and that's what her hairstyle was all about. African Americans tried hard to fit into the "white world", and weren't being who they really were. If they had shown their true side, that would have been better than trying to be something that they weren't. They realized that they didn't have to fit into anybody else's standards, and could be whoever they wanted to be, no longer worrying about what other people think, and not putting down their own race for "acting white."

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Definition of sound

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Sound

Beginning questions

What is sound?

How do we hear sounds?

Help with essay on definition of sound

Can we hear all kinds of sounds?

Have you ever thought, how important sound is to people? What would life be without any sounds? Sound profits us in numberless of cases. It's also the fastest and easiest way to communicate.

The origin of sound

Sound gets its origin in a sound source that pulsates and creates tactful and known fast air pressure variations and sends them to the environment. We hear those pressure variations as sound. The air pressure variations are often called longitudinal wave motion. Good examples of sound sources are loudspeakers, vocal cords, musical instruments' strings and air columns etc.

Sound travels

Sound needs an intermediate agent to advance. So in a vacuum that has no materials, for example space, there're no sounds. In the earth there's air that sound can use by advancing. Air consists of chemical elements like oxygen (1%), nitrogen (78%) and some air pollutions (1%). Every material has mass because of the force of gravity. Also air has mass (1, kg per 1000 litres) and that's why it stays in the atmosphere. Air transports sounds from sound sources to our ears. If sound waves hit a firm obstruction, they don't penetrate, instead they bounce back. That event is called echo.

Sound velocity

Because sound is longitudinal wave motion, it has all the qualities of wave motion like wavelength, frequency and velocity.

Sound hasn't a known velocity. Sound velocity depends on the material that sound uses by advancing. Rule of thumb is the thinner the material the lower sound velocity. Sound velocity depends also a bit on the temperature of the material. In air (+0ºc) sound travels 40 m/s, in water 1 485 m/s and in steel 5 100 m/s.

Sound intensity

Sound intensity is usually informed as decibels. The bigger motions sound source makes the louder sound it creates. If sound intensity is too loud, hearing can be damaged. If you hear repeatedly sound that is over 80 dB or once over 10 dB, your hearing gets weaker. Also some divers that don't use needed diving suits will destroy their hearing, because the deeper in water you go the bigger is the water pressure that tries to squeeze everything that has smaller pressure inside than water's.

Low and high sounds

If a sound source pulsates for instance a hundred cycles per second, it creates low sound that contains bass, but if it pulsates thousands of cycles per second, it creates high and treble containing sound. If a sound source pulsates 500 whole cycles in one second, its frequency is 500 Hz (hertz). The lowest sound that we can hear is 16 Hz and the highest is 0 000 Hz. Sounds under 16 Hz are called infrasound and sounds between 0 000 Hz and 1 000 millions Hz (1 000 MHz) are called ultrasound. Some animals can create and observe sounds between 16 and 150 000 Hz.

A sound that includes all frequencies sounds like static and it's called white sound. White sound is created, when for instance a radio tuner is left between two stations. It's called white sound, because the light that contains every wavelength is called white light, for example sunlight (sun radiates all colours of light and we see that combination as white light).

Resonance

Resonance means that a sound source causes the sound receiver oscillate in the same frequency with it. Resonance is possible only, if the source and the receiver can pulsate in the same frequency. You can notice resonance in practise If you turn on your stereo, make the volume hard and bring a piece of normal paper close to the woofer, you can see paper pulsating in step with the bass sounds.

Resonance is very important to us. It's the way that we hear sounds. Our eardrums have adjusted to pulsate in a large frequency response (16-0 000 Hz). The strongest resonance of a human's eardrum is between 500 and 5 000 Hz. You can notice that in practise Mobile phones' ringing melodies that have high notes sound like louder than low-noted melodies, because the highest notes have over 500 Hz.

Same hertz amount, different sound

Every musical instrument can create notes that have known hertz amounts each. For instance every instrument surely has normal C-note that has always 6 Hz. So why does that note sound different in separate instruments? That's founded in the same way as we recognize each other's voices. Every sound source sounds like itself because of the weak-powered upper tones of sound waves. Every sound that we hear is a combination of the key-tone and upper tones.

Sound recording and reproduction

When an electrical sound source was invented, it was possible to put radio technology into effect. Electrical sound sources and receivers are called oscillators. The way to record sound was discovered in 1888 by the American engineer Oberlin Smith and the first recording gadget was prepared in 18 by German F.W.O Bauch. Since that time sound recorders and reproduction gadgets have begun to develop.

Sound can be recorded in analogical or in digital format. In practise those formats don't have many differences but in analogical format the quality of sound degenerates with time and digital format stays always the same. Nowadays the digital format is the most used recording format. For instance CDs, MP and Minidisks exploit the digital sound technology and C-cassettes exploit analogical.

Loudspeakers are the only way to listen to recorded sound and they are planned to repeat sounds that we can hear. Every loudspeaker that repeats strong bass and still very clear sound has more than one speaker. There're at least two speakers a treble speaker and a woofer. Some loudspeakers have also more than one woofer and some have a middle sound speaker (middle sound area is either within the woofer or in a separate speaker). Different speakers are planned to repeat different frequencies. For instance treble speakers' metallic elements repeat high frequencies, woofers' rubber bass elements repeat low frequencies and middle sound speakers' elements that are usually made of polymer cardboard repeat a bit of both frequency classes. Every polyphonic speaker has a frequency filter. The filter assorts high sounds for treble speaker and low sounds for the woofer. That filter is very important, because without it the sound wouldn't be fine and the woofer would suffer because of trying to repeat too high frequencies.

Stereos are quite common nowadays. The secret of the sound that reminds real sound is in two speakers that have own sounds both. The sounds sound the same, but they still have some differences. Recording stereo sound resumes two microphones that should be placed in separate sides of the recording object and in a stereo set the speakers should be in the same order than the microphones in the recording area. Nowadays there're also Dolby Digital™ and Dolby Digital EX™ sets that have a woofer five and or six Surround speakers (the amount depends on system) and every speaker has its own sound. Recording that kind of sound resumes five or six microphones that have to be in the very same order that the loudspeakers in the theatre. The woofer whose sound is a combination of others is near to the object, three Surround speakers are in of it, and the rest two or three are in the back corners of the object.

There you had some knowledge about sound.

Sources

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The Great Gatsby

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Jay Gatsby and the American Dream F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel The Great Gatsby is a glimpse into the elite social circles of Long Island society during the prosperous period of the 10's. In this decade a class of new rich was born, and the class of old rich enjoyed continued prosperity. Gatsby showcases the conflict between the two groups, as the newly rich tried to carve a place for themselves in the exclusive social circles of those who inherited their wealth. The book concerns itself with Jay Gatsby's attempt to transcend social boundaries and enter this exclusive circle, to live the American dream of betterment. Fitzgerald shows that this dream has been made corrupt and unattainable by the hunger for power and insecurities of the often immoral old rich. Despite living in such a prosperous time, it is impossible for Gatsby, originally a poor man from North Dakota, to be accepted in privileged society. In the first chapter of the novel the reader is introduced to the narrator Nick Carraway and to many of the story's central characters, all of which come from privileged backgrounds. It is only at the end of the chapter that we meet Jay Gatsby. Nick observes him walking alone in the early evening Something in his leisurely movements and the secure position of his feet upon the lawn suggested that it was Mr. Gatsby himself, come out to determine what share was his of our local heavens…he stretched out his arms toward the dark water in a curious way…I glanced seawardand distinguished nothing except a single green light, minute and far away… (Fitzgerald 5-6) This passage is extremely symbolic of Gatsby's character, and his fated inability to have what he wants most. His expansive mansion makes it clear that financially, Gatsby is very well off. He throws lavish parties every weekend, and his wealth appears limitless. As he strolls through his property he seems to have an air of confidence, until he spies the distant green light across the bay. The light is from the dock of Daisy Buchanan, and symbolizes everything that is unattainable to Gatsby, despite his financial rise. Daisy and her husband Tom are both from privileged families, much like Nick. Daisy is a former love interest of Gatsby's from the war that he has spent years trying to find again. Daisy represents not only love, but also the key Gatsby needs to enter the elite social circle he has spent his life aspiring to. Her voice is full of money (17) he tells Nick, illustrating the difference between working for one's fortune, and inheriting it. Gatsby has spent the majority of his life bettering himself, as is seen in his daily schedule found by Nick and Gatsby's father later in the novel. Jimmy was bound to get ahead. He always had some resolves like this or something. Do you notice what he's got about improving his mind? He was always great for that lamented Mr. Gatz (18). He has become very wealthy on his own account, rising from almost nothing, to a level of extravagant affluence. Gatsby loves Daisy, but it seems her ability to progress him socially that is most attractive to him. Gatsby believes in his dream, and will follow it at any cost. The inability of Gatsby to fulfill his dream of climbing the social ladder is chiefly due to the contempt held by the old rich towards the new rich. Daisy's husband, Tom Buchanan represents the attitudes of many of the old rich at the time. He is constantly worried about losing power, of losing dominance, as is demonstrated by his reading of The Rise of Colored Empires (17). Tom feels threatened by Gatsby, and insists on investigating his background hoping to prove him a fraud. The same investigation occurs at Gatsby's parties, where his own guests gossip and make monstrous assumptions on how he built his fortune, even while they are enjoying his hospitality. Two girls prattle on about whether or not he was a German spy and whether he has killed in cold blood before, while others are surprised to find that his vast library is not for appearance only (48). When Tom and Daisy arrive at one of Gatsby's parties Tom is immediately condescending. Who is this Gatsby anyhow…Some big bootlegger? A lot of these newly rich people are just big bootleggers, you know (114). Tom's view of Gatsby, and thus the new rich is very evident during an argument at his house when he defines Gatsby as Mr. Nobody from Nowhere (17). It is clear that though Gatsby is popular with much of the class he aspires to be part of, he will never be accepted by them. This is exemplified at his own funeral, where the boisterous throngs that attended his parties are nowhere to be found during his final tribute (18). The very social circle that Gatsby wishes to enter holds him in such contempt that it is clear he could never be part of them. Fitzgerald raises the question of morality in the upper echelon society with which the novel is concerned. Though it turns out that Gatsby's new wealth was not completely compiled by legal means, other members of the society which he strives to be a part of are far from moral. The leisure class is often depicted in the novel as being extremely careless. At Gatsby's party, there is a large car accident in the driveway as two drunk and completely careless drivers collide. This exemplifies the I don't have to worry, others will worry for me attitude held by this class. Jordan Baker excuses her horrid driving skills by saying Well, other people are [careful]…They'll keep out of my way…It takes two to make an accident (6). After this insight into Jordan's character, it is not very surprising to hear rumors that she cheated in a golf tournament. Tom, who often raises the question of Gatsby's character, is hardly moral in his own right. He is having an affair with a woman right under his wife's nose, and during their child's birth, Tom was nowhere to be found (1). After the car accident with Myrtle Wilson, Tom and Daisy flee the area to avoid the police and the press. Tom even admits to holding some of the responsibility for Gatsby's death, but dismisses it saying, I told him the truth... What if I did tell him? That fellow had it coming to him (187). At this point Nick finally realizes that They were careless people, Tom and DaisyThey smashed up things and creatures and then retreated back to their money or their vast carelessness or whatever it was that kept them together, and let other people clean up the mess they had made (188). In a class of careless people and immorality, Gatsby's illegal businesses seem inconsequential. In fact it is Gatsby's dedication to Daisy and his determination for his dream that keeps him from fleeing his house, ultimately results in his death. Fitzgerald seems to raise the question of whether it is possible for one to advance financially and socially while remaining virtuous. The American dream, a hope held by many people throughout the history of this nation, is a very prevalent theme in Fitzgerald's novel. Gatsby's financial rise from a homeless teenager to affluent party-host is one piece of the dream, but what he truly longs for is social acceptance from the elite leisure class. His love for Daisy and his longing to transcend social barriers drive him to constantly strive for his dream, even until death. Even in America's financial golden age, the exclusive powerful make it impossible for Mr. Nobody from Nowhere to climb the social ladder. Fitzgerald shows that this American dream which so many have pursued, is corrupt, and is an impossibility. The average American, like Gatsby, will always remain separated by the bay, only able to watch our own green lights from a distance.

Please note that this sample paper on The Great Gatsby is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on The Great Gatsby, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on The Great Gatsby will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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